Gibson, Robert V

California immigrants ineligible for asylum may qualify for withholding of removal — protection from deportation to specific country, but no path to permanent residency or family petitions.

California immigrants from designated countries can apply for Temporary Protected Status (TPS) — temporary protection from removal + work authorization, but program subject to ongoing political + legal challenges.

California employment-based green cards (EB-1, EB-2, EB-3) require employer sponsorship via PERM labor certification + immigrant petition + adjustment of status — country-specific backlogs significant.